The forests and tundra of Labrador are excellent habitat for a wide variety of land mammals. The region is home to many boreal forest species such as marten, beaver and lynx. However, the barren northern tundra supports several arctic species such as polar bear, arctic fox and arctic hare.

Perhaps the best known animals in Labrador are the caribou. There are two varieties of caribou within the region, the sedentary woodland caribou, and the migratory barren ground caribou. The sedentary caribou herds are found in southern Labrador and remain within a fairly small area throughout the year. Migratory barren ground caribou, such as the George River caribou herd, migrate huge distances between their spring calving areas near Ungava Bay and their winter range near Churchill Falls. In 2001, the George River herd numbered 406,000 animals, making it one of the largest herds in the world.

Ungulates (Hooved Animals)

Caribou (Rangifer tarandus tarandus)
Moose (Alces alces)
Muskox (Ovibos moschatus)

Carnivores

Ursids (The Bear Family)
Black bear (Ursus americanus)
Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus)

Felines (The Cat Family)
Lynx (Lynx canadensis)

Canids (The Dog Family)
Red, cross and silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)
Artic fox (Alopex lagopus)
Wolf (Canis lupus)
Coyote (Canis latrans)

Mustelids (The Weasel Family)
Weasel (Mustela erminea)
Mink (Mustela vison)
Otter (Lutra canadensis)
American marten (Martes americanus)
Fisher (Martes pennanti)
Woverine (Gulo gulo)

Rodents

Beaver (Castor canadensis)
Muskrat (Ondata zibethicus)
Meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus)
Rock vole (Microtus chrotorrhinus)
Heather vole (Phenacomys ungava)
Red backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilus)
Ungava collared lemming (Dicrostonyx hudsonius)
Northern bog lemming (Synaptomys borealis)
Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus)
Red Squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)
Porcupine(Erethizon dorsatum)
Ground hog (Marmota monax)
Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)
Woodland jumping mouse (Napaeozapus insignis)
Meadow jumping mouse (Zapus hudsonius)

Lagomorphs
Snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus)
Artic hare (Lepus timidus)

Insectivores
Masked shrew (Sorex cinerus)
Water shrew (Sorex palustris)
Pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus)
Starnosed mole (Condylura cristata)

Chiroptera (The Bat Family)
Little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus)